Engine starting mechanism



May 26, 1936. c. o. NYGREN ENGINE STARTING MECHANISM 3 Sheets-Shet 1 2?13 45 'Filed July 11, 1932 4 fizvn ior:

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7Zygrem May 26,1936. Q Q NYGREN 2,041,723

ENGINE STARTING MECHANISM Filed July 11, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Y fizz/en%r; @rZ 0. 7254921972 Patented May 26, 1936 UNITED STATES ENGINESTARTING MECHANISM Carl 0. Nygren, Michigan City, Ind., assignor toSullivan Machinery Company, a corporation of Massachusetts ApplicationJuly 11, 1932, Serial No. 621,925

23 Claims.

This invention relates to engine starting mechanism oi the inertia type,and more particularly to improved manually operable starting mechanismfor facilitating the starting of internal 5 combustion engines.

An object of this invention is to provide a simple, efiicient andreliable mechanism designed to eliminate direct hand cranking andelectric starters, permitting, with a minimum of strenuous eifort, thesafe and certain starting of engines which could not readily be startedby an ordinary manual cranking operation. In a preferred embodiment, theinvention may comprise a drive or transmission including an elementadapted to be connected in driving relation to the ordinary ring gear ofan engine fly wheel; inertia means, such as a fly wheel, gearing, as forexample, planetary or epicyclic gearing connected with the inertia meansfor storing energy in the latter and transmitting the stored energy forstarting purposes as aforesaid; starting means for actuating. thegearing and the fly wheel, and means for connecting the gearing with thestarting element after the start- 25 ing element has been brought intomesh with the ring gear, or the like. Preferably, protective devicesguarding against back-fire, and devices for automatically disconnectingthe primary driving element from the ring gear will be employed, while adrive through the ring gear may be regarded for many purposes aspreferable. The invention from some of its aspects may be of moregeneral application. Other objects will hereinafter appear in the courseof the following description and as more particularly pointed out in theappended claims.

In the accompanying drawings-there are shown for purposes ofillustration two embodiments which the invention may assume in practice.

In these drawings,-

Fig. l is a horizontal sectional view through the preferred illustrativeembodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical sectional view taken substantially online 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinally extending vertical sectional view takensubstantially on line 33 of Fig. l. Fig. 4 is a detail sectional viewtaken on line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical sectional view through the otherillustrative embodiment of the invention, the view being takensubstantially on line 5-5 of Fig. 7.

Fig 6 is a view partially in elevation and partially in section at rightangles to Fig. 5, the section being taken through the axis of thestarting mechanism.

Fig. 7 is a plan view of the starting mechanism shown in Figs. 5 and 6.

Figs. 8 and 9 are transverse vertical sectional views takensubstantially on the plane of the lines 8--8, 9-9 of Fig. 6.

The preferred form of the improved engine starter shown in Figs. 1 to4inclusive, as a whole is designated I and the ring gear of the fly wheelof an engine to be started is indicated in construction at 2. Thestarter is, as regards the gearing thereof, wholly enclosed within apluralpart casing 3 which is secured to the fly wheel housing indicatedin construction at 4 and which, with the latter, provides oil tighthousings for all the mechanism, so that adequate lubrication of thegearing and protection of the operator from the gearing may be effected.While it will be evident that motor actuation of the engine starter maybe resorted to, if desired, there is for simplicity herein shown onlymanual starting means for actuating the gearing and fly wheel. A handcrank 5 is connectible through a rolling pin and cam connection 6(herein in the form of a ratchet) with a cranking shaft 1 rotatablysupported in bearings 8 in a detachable closure member 9 forming a partof the starter casing 3. The starter casing also comprises an integralflange I0 for attachment to the fly wheel housing and has formed thereinparallel communicating chambers II and I2. The casing structure alsoincludes a cylindrical gear housing [3 arranged within the chamber l2and maintained in position by a detachable end plate M as shown inFig. 1. In this instance the inner end of the shaft 1 carries androtates a bevel pinion l5 which meshes with a bevel gear l6 rotating ona horizontal axis extending longitudinally of the starter mechanism andparallel to the power shaft of the engine to be'started and preferablyat right angles to the starting shaft 7. The hub of this bevel gear I6is keyed to a weighted crank or arm I1 and the gear l6 and crank I! arejournaled and, in a measure, supported by a large ball bearing 18supported within the adjacent end wall of the cylindrical housing l3.The arm I! provides a bearing IQ for a planetary spur pinion 20 whichmeshes with elongated horizontal internal gear teeth 2i formed upon theinterior of the cylindrical housing l3, these teeth extending from apoint adjacent the outer side of a pinion 20 substantially to the outerend of the cylindrical housing i3.

A'spur gear 23 is arranged coaxially with the bevel gear I5 and is keyedto a shaft, hereinafter referred to, journaled at its ends withinbearings supported within the starter casing. Thisshaft to which thegear 23 is keyed has keyed thereto a spur pinion 24 with which thepinion 20 meshes, and also a counter-balanced crank or arm 25, thelatter carrying a bearing 26 for a planetary spurpinion 21. The pinion21 also meshes with the internal gear teeth 2| and likewise meshes withand drives ,a gear 28 coaxial with the gear 24 and which is rigidlysecured to a. counterbalanced crank or arm 29. This counter-balancedcrank supports 'a bearing for another planetary spur gear 3| likewisemeshing with the internal gear teeth 2|. The pinion 3| engages a gear 32coaxial with the gears 24 and 28 and secured to a counter-balanced crankor arm 33, and this crank 33 carries a bearing 34 for a planetary spurgear which, in its turn, meshes with the internal gear teeth 2| and alsomeshes with spur gear teeth 35 upon a sleeve 31 coaxial with the gears24, 28 and 32. Supported on and keyed at 38 to this sleeve is a flywheel 39, this fly wheel being supported by the sleeve and the sleevebeing rotatably supported within a large ball bearing in turn supportedwithin the detachable end plate l4 of the cylindrical gear housing l3.The shaft to which the gear'23 is secured is numbered 4| and the hearingwithin which the outer end of this shaft is journaled is supportedwithin the sleeve 31, as shown in Fig.

1, this bearing being indicated at 42; and this shaft also serves tocenter and support a number of roller bearings which provide thejournals for the several cranks heretofore referred to. The spur gear 23meshes constantly with a gear 45, which is journaled on a roller bearing46 in turn supported on a shaft 41 herein arranged within the chamber 1and also parallel to the axis of the ring gear 2, and this shaft isrotatably supported at its ends within bearings supported within thestarter casing 3. The shaft 41 is connected by a pin and slot connection49 at its end near the ring gear 2 and also by a pin and slot connection50 near its opposite end respectively to a spur pinion 5| and a jawclutch member 54. The pinion 5| is adapted to mesh with the ring gear 2and maybe moved along the shaft 41 while driven thereby, due to the pinand slot connec-- tion 49, into engagement with and out of engagementwith the ring gear 2. The gear carries jaw clutch teeth 52 which areengageable with jaw clutch teeth 53 formed on the clutch member 54. Theface of each of the teeth 52 is of asmall angle to a plane including theaxis of the shaft 41, so as to permit, in the event of a backfire, thebreaking of the driving connections between the inertia starter and theengine fly wheel. There is also provided a comparatively flat surfacehaving a large slipping angle so as to effect a gradual and smoothrelease between the gear 45 and the clutch member 54 when the engine isstarted. The pinion 5| and the clutch member 54 are secured by the pinsof the pin and slot connections 49 and respectively to a longitudinallyreciprocable shaft 56 slidable in a bore 51 formed centrally in theshaft 31. Arranged within the bore within the shaft 41 is a coiledspring 65 acting between a plug 65 threadedly secured within the end ofthe shaft 41 and the end of the slidable shaft 56 to maintain normallythe shaft 56 in the position shown in Fig. 3. A pivoted operating lever61 has a slot and pin connection 68 with a trunnion member rotatablysupported on a ball bearing member 69 engaged between a shoulder 10 onthe shaft 56 and a screw and washer connection 1| secured to the shaft.Obviously, on movement of the lever 61 in the proper direction themembers 54 and 5| will be moved toward the left, the member 5| engagingwith the ring gear 2 and the member 54 effecting engagement of the teeth53 with cooperating teeth 52 on the gear 45.

In the form of the invention shown in Figs. 5 to 9 inclusive, thegearing is substantially the same as that described in the preferredform, the main difference residing in the location of the axis of thebevel gear l6 and its associated gearl2. The inner end of the shaft 1carries and rotates a bevel pinion l5 which meshes with a bevel gear I6rotating on a vertical axis lying in the same plane with the axis of theshaft l and carrying at its upper end a crank or arm H. The gear l6 andcrank H are journaled and, in a measure, supported by a large ballbearing l8 supported by the lower end of the casing member H The crankor arm |1 provides a bearing IQ for aplanetary spur gear 2|] whichmeshes with elongated vertical internal gear teeth 2 l formed upon theinterior of the cylindrical portion M of the starter casing, these teethextending from a point adjacent the lower end of the pinion illsubstantially to the upper end of the cylindrical portion H of thecasing. Another bevel gear 23 is arranged coaxially with the bevel gearI6 and carries near its upper end a pinion 24 with which the pinion 2|)meshes, and also a counter-balanced crank or arm 25*, the lattercarryin'g a bearing 26 for a spur planet gear 21. The pinion 21 alsomeshes with the teeth 2| and likewise meshes with and drives a spur gear28 which is rigidly secured to a counter-balanced crank or arm 29. Thiscounter-balanced crank supports a bearing 3|) for another spur planetgear 3| 8 likewise meshing with the teeth 2|. The gear 3| engages a spurgear 32 secured to a crank 33, and the crank 33* carries a bearing 34"-for a spur planet gear 35 which, in its turn, meshes with the internalgear teeth 2|, and also meshes with spur gear teeth 36 upon a sleeve31". The sleeve 31 has keyed thereto at 38 at its upper end a fly wheel39 and is journaled within a large ball bearing 40, this ball bearingalso supporting the fly wheel against downward axial movement. A longbolt 4| rotatably mounted within the sleeve 31 through a bearing 42 atits lower end supports the pinion 23 and also serves to center andsupport a number of ball bearings which provide the journals for theseveral crank arms heretofore referred to. The pinion 23 meshesconstantly with a bevel gear 45 which is journaled in a bearing 46 withits axis parallel to the axis of the ring gear 2. A shaft 41, alsoparallel to the axis of the ring gear, is rotatably supported within thegear 45 and is splined at 4-9 at its end near the ring gear, and also at5|! near its opposite end. A spur pinion 5| adapted to mesh with thering gear 2 is splined to the shaft 41 rotation of the crank arm 29.

- driving relation to the engine fly wheel.

and may be moved along the latter into engagement with and out ofengagement with the ring gear. The gear 45 carries teeth 52 which areengageable with teeth 53 on a clutch member 54 which is slidably engagedwith the splines The faces of the teeth 52 are at a'small angle to aplane including the axis of the shaft 41 so as to permit, in the eventof a back-fire, the breaking of the driving connections between theinertia starter and the engine fly wheel. In the present construction,as in the preferred form above described, there is also provided acomparatively flat surface having a large slipping angle so as to effecta gradual and smooth release between the member 45 and the clutch 54when the engine is started. The pinion 5H and the clutch member 54 areconnected by a lostmotion connection mechanism which includes alongitudinally slidable shaft 56 slidable in a bore 51 formed in thehousing member I0 a forward arm 58 carrying a split bearing 59cooperating with a groove in the pinion member 5H, and an arm 62 havinga sliding connection in a groove 63 formed in a sleeve 66 which carriesthe member 54 Within the sleeve M a spring acting between the end of theshaft 41 and a'threaded plug 66, is provided normally to maintain themechanism 55 in the position shown in Fig. 6. A pivoted operating leverfil has a slot and pin connection 68 with a ball bearing member I59engaged between a shoulder til on the sleeve 6% and a flange i l on theplug member 66 Obviously, on movement of the lever 61 in the properdirection, the members 54" and 5| will be moved toward the left, themember 5P engaging with the ring gear 2 and the member 54 effectingengagement of the teeth 53 with their drive surfaces 52 From thedescription given, the mode of operations of both forms of the mechanismwill be clearly apparent. In the preferred form of the mechanism shownin Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive, the

mode of operation is as follows. When it is desired tostart theengine,the crank 5 will be turned in the proper direction to cause the rollerpin and cam connection 5 to effect driving relation between the crankand the starting shaft l. The shaft 1 will then be rotated and willdrive the pinion l5, and the latter will drive the pinion i6 and causethe crank arm ill to rotate. This will cause the planet gear 29 to rollaround in engagementwith the internal gear teeth 25 and thereby drivethe gear 24. The latter will drive the crank arm 25, and rotation of thearm 25 will cause the planet gear 2'? to be rotated through itsengagement with the internal gear teeth 2!, thereby to rotate the gear28 to effect Rotation of the crank arm 29 will cause orbital movement ofthe planet gear 30 and, by virtue of the mesh of the latter with theinternal gear teeth 2!, rotation of the gear 32. The gear 32 will rotatethe crank arm 33 which will cause the planet gear 35 to be rotated onits axis as it rolls around in mesh with the internal gear teeth 2! andthereby there will be effected rotation of the sleeve 37 withcorresponding rotation of the fly wheel 39 at a very high speed, due tothe great multiplication effected through the gearing described. Thegear 23 will also be rotated during rotation by the hand crank 5, butwill not be connected in When the fly wheel 39 has been brought up tospeed, hand cranking will be discontinued andthe fly wheel 39, throughits momentum, will become the driving member and will transmit a veryslow but powerful rotation to the initial element of the train ofgearing described and cause the large spur gear 23 to drive the spurgear 45. Upon movement of the lever 61 to the left in Fig. 3, the pinion5| will be brought into driving engagement with the ring gear 2 and theteeth 53 into engagement with the surfaces 52. The engine will thereforebe cranked. As soon as the engine starts, the shaft 41. will tend torotate faster than the pinion 45 and will effect automaticallydisengagement between the teeth 53 and the teeth 52 and force the systemcontrolled by the shaft 56 to the right to interrupt drive between theinertia starter and the pinion 5!. On release of the lever 67, thepinion 5| will be moved completely out of engagement with the ring gear22 and the parts of the inertia starter may come to rest.

In the form of the invention shown in Figs. 5

to 9 inclusive, the mode of operation is substantially identical to thatdescribed above. In this form of the invention the hand crank 5 when itis desired to start the engine, will be slid along the starting shaft Ito effect driving relation of the pin and slot connection 6*. The shaft1*- will then be rotated and will drive the pinion I5 and the latterwill drive the sleeve li and cause the crank ill to rotate. efiectsrotation of the fly wheel Z119 through the pinion 20 gear 24 crank arm25 gear 21", gear 28, crank 29 gear 3i, gear 32 crank arm 33 gear 35 andsleeve 3'! to which the fly wheel 39 is fixed. The bevel gear 23* willalso be rotated during rotation by the hand crank 5% but will 'not beconnected in driving relation to the engine fly wheel. When the flyWheel 39 has been brought up to speed, hand cranking'will bediscontinued and the fly wheel 39, through its momentum, will transmit avery slow but powerful rotation in a cranking direction through thegearing above described and cause the gear 23 to drive the bevel gear35*. Upon movement of the lever 57 to the left in Fig. 7, the pinion 5will be brought into driving engagement with the ring gear 2 and theteeth 53 into engagement with the surfaces 52 The engine will thereforebe cranked and as soon as the engine starts the shaft ill will tend torotate faster than the bevel gear t5 and will effect automaticallydisengagement between the inertia starter and the. pinion Rotationof'this crank 5!. Upon release of the lever 67 the spur pinion 5i isremoved out of mesh with the ring gear, thereby disconnecting thestarter mechanism from the engine.

As a result of the invention, it will be noted that there is provided avery simple, rugged, well protected inertia starting mechanismparticularly adapted for use with fly wheel starters. It will further benoted that there is provided an improved starter mechanism which isextremely compact, which may be mounted on the, engine casing and whichmay be operated with facility,

the provision of the improved gearing, between the hang. crank'and thefly wheel enabling an extremely powerful energy source to be obtained.These and other uses and advantages of the improved starter mechanismwill be clearly apparent to those skilled in the art.

While there are in this application specifically described two formswhich the invention may assume in practice, it will be understood thatthese forms of the same are shown for purposes of illustration and thatthe invention may be modified and embodied in various other formswithout departing from its spirit or the scope of the appended claims. 1

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In an engine startingapparatus of the type in which a ring gear orthe like on the engine is engageable during the starting operation by aterminal gear of the starter and such engagement is thereafterinterrupted, a gear member adapted to mesh with and drive the enginegear, an inertia wheel, manually operable means including a reductiongear train comprising intermeshing reduction gearing for storing energyin said inertia wheel, and means for manually shifting said gear memberinto meshing engagementwith said engine gear while said inertia wheel isrotating and thereafter connecting said gear member for drive by saidinertia wheel through said gear train.

2. In an engine starting apparatus of the type in which a ring gear orthe like on the engine is engageable during the starting operation by aterminal gear of the starter and such engagement is thereafterinterrupted, a gear member adapted to mesh with and drive the enginegear, an inertia wheel, manually operable means including a reductiongear train comprising intermeshing regear member with said engine ringgear while with said supporting shaft.

said inertia member is rotating and thereafter connecting said gearmember for drive by said inertia wheel through said gear train.

3. In an engine starting apparatus of the type in which a ring gear orthe like on the engine is engageable during the starting operation by aterminal gear of the starter and such engagement is thereafterinterrupted, aterminal starting gear, a shaft parallel with the shaft ofthe engine to be started and supporting said terminal starting gear,said terminal starting gear being reciprocable along its said supportingshaft between positions of engagement with and disengagement from theengine, manually operable inertia means for storing up energy, and meansoperable at will and including a clutch coaxial with said terminalstarting gear supporting shaft for con-' necting said inertia means indriving relation 4. In an engine starting apparatus of the type in whicha ring gear or the like on the engine is engageable during the startingoperation by a terminal gear of the starter and such engagement isthereafter interrupted, a terminal starting gear, a shaft parallel withthe shaft of the engine to be started and supporting said terminalstarting gear, said terminal starting gear being reciprocable along itssaid supporting shaft between positions of engagement with anddisengagement from the engine, inertia means for storing up energyincluding a driving shaft parallel with said first shaft, gearing forconnecting said first shaft and said parallel driving shaft in drivingrelation, and means operable at will and including a clutch coaxial withsaid first shaft for connecting said inertia means in driving relationwith said first shaft.

5. In an engine-starter, a starting member, reduction gearing, includinga reaction gear coaxial with said flywheel, for transmitting torque fromsaid flywheel to said engine starting member, releasable means forconnecting flywheel, an engine said gearing to said engine startingmember, and gearing for transmitting energy to said flywheel throughsaid first mentioned reductiongearing including a further gear meshingwith said reaction gear, said last mentioned gear being outside thetrain of torque transmission from said flywheel to said engine startingmember.

6. An engine starter including, in combination, a plural stage speedchanging mechanism including coaxial members arranged in train and ofwhich, when one is rotating at one speed, a second rotates at adifferent speed and a third at an intermediate speed, said secondcoaxial member arranged in the train of power transmission outside thetrain between the first and third, an inertia member operativelyconnected with the first of said coaxial members and arranged to drivethe same during starting'of the engine, a.

driving device for imparting energy to said starter for storage in saidinertia member operatively connected with the second of said coaxialmembers to drive the latter, an engine starting member, and meansdistinct from said train of power transmission aforesaid for operativelyconnecting said engine starting member with the third of said coaxialmembers. J

'7. In an engine starter, a casing, a shaft rotatable within saidcasing, an internal gear within said casing, an arm carried by saidshaft and carrying a gear meshing with said internal gear, gearingrotatable by said secondmentioned gear, a flywheel rotatable by saidgearing, a gear fixed to said shaft, a gear meshing therewith and alsomeshing with said internal gear, an arm carrying said third mentionedgear, means for manually effecting rotation of said arm for effectingthe storage of energy in said flywheel, and means including another gearalso fixed to said shaft for transmitting a starting torque to an engineto be started 8. In an engine starter, a casing, an internal geartherein, a flywheel, reduction gearing for rotating said flywheelincluding a gear, an arm driven thereby, a gear carried by said arm andmeshing with said internal gear, a gear meshing with said last mentionedgear, an arm driven by said last mentioned gear, a gear carried by saidlast mentioned arm and meshing with said internal' gear, a gear drivenby said last mentioned gear, an arm driven by said last mentioned gear,ai'gear carried by said arm and meshing with said internal gear, a geardriven by said last mentioned gear, and connections between said lastmentioned gear and said flywheel, and an engine starting member, saidstarting member being rotatable by said flywheel through atrain'including all'of said gears except the second and third.

9. In an engine starter, a flywheel, a pair of coaxially arrangedrotatably supported gears, manual driving means for one of said gears,an engine driving gear operatively connected with the other of saidgears, a stage of speed changing gearing between said coaxially arrangedgears whereby they rotate constantly ,at angular rates means operativelyconnecting said gears whereby a predetermined difference in angular rateof rotation is maintained between them, engine starting gearing drivenby one of said gears, driving means for the other of said gears, andinertia means driven by said last mentioned gear for storing energy anddelivering the same to the second mentioned bevel gear having a powertransmitting train connecting it with the latter of which the meansoperatively connecting said bevel gears for rotation at different ratesforms no part.

11. In an engine starter, inertia mechanism, a driving shaft, a geardriven by said inertia mechanism, a gearsupported on said driving shaftand engaged by said last mentioned gear, an engine driving gear slidablymounted on said driving shaft, sliding clutch means between said firstmentioned gear on said shaft and said shaft, and means for sliding saidsliding gear into driving position on said shaft and thereafterconnecting said clutch means.

12. In an engine starter, inertia means, a terminal starting gear, ashaft on which said terminal gear is slidably -mounted, intermeshingreduction gearing adapted to connect said inertia means with said shaft,a clutch for connecting said gearing to drive said shaft, actuatingmeans for said clutch, and means actuated by the actuating means forsaid clutch for moving said terminal gear longitudinally of said shaft.

13. In an engine starting apparatus of the type in which a ring gear orthe like on the engine is engageable during the starting operation by aterminal gear of the starter and such engagement is thereafterinterrupted, a gear member adapted to mesh with and drive the enginegear, an inertia wheel, manually operable means including planetaryreduction gearing for storing energy in said inertia wheel, and meansfor manually shifting said gear member into meshing engagement with saidengine ring gear while said inertia wheel is rotating and thereafterconnecting said gear member for drive by said inertia wheel.

. 14. In an engine starting apparatus of the type in which a ring gearor the like on the engine is engageable during the starting operation bya terminal gear of the starter and such engagement is thereafterinterrupted, a gear member adapted to mesh with and drive the enginegear, an inertia wheel, manually operable means including planetaryreduction gearing for storing energy in said inertia wheel, and meansfor manually shifting said gear member into meshing engagement with saidengine ring gear while said inertia wheel is rotating and thereafterconnecting said gear member for drive by said inertia wheel, said gearmember being driven by said inertia wheel through only a portion of saidplanetary gearing.

15. In an engine starting apparatus of the type in which a ring gear orthe like on the engine is engageable during the starting operation by aterminal gear of the starter and such engagement is thereafterinterrupted, a gear member adapted to mesh with and drive the enginegear, an inertia wheel, manually operable means including planetaryreduction gearing for storing energy in saidinertia wheel, and operatorcontrollable means including a connection automatically releasable whenthe engine is started for effecting engagement of said gear member withsaid engine ring gear while said inertia ing energy in said inertiawheel, and operator controllable means including a connectionautomatically releasable when the engine is started for effectingengagement of said gear member with said engine ring gear while saidinertia member is rotating and thereafter connecting said gear memberfor drive by said inertia wheel, said gear member being driven by saidinertia wheel through only a portion of said planetary gearing.

1'7. In an engine starting apparatus of the type in which a ring gear orthe like on the engine is engageable during the starting operation by aterminal gear of the starter and such engagement is thereafterinterrupted, a shaft parallel with the engine crank shaft, a gear membersplined to said first shaft and adapted to mesh with and drive theengine ring gear, a parallel shaft, gearing for connecting said firstshaft with said parallel shaft, an inertia wheel coaxial with saidparallel shaft, manually operable means for storing up energy in saidinertia wheel including reduction gearing, elements of which arearranged coaxially with said parallel shaft and operatively connected tosaid inertia wheel, said parallel shaft being driven by said inertiawheel through a portion of said gearing, and means for manually shiftingsaid gear member relative to said first shaft into meshing engagementwith said engine gear while said inertia wheel and parallel shaft arerotating and thereafter connecting said gear member'for drive by saidinertia wheel through said parallel shaft.

18. In an engine starting apparatus of the type in which a ring gear orthe like on the engine is engageable during the starting operation by aterminal gear of the starter and such engagement is thereafterinterrupted, a shaft parallel with the engine crank shaft, 2. gearmember splined to said first shaft and adapted to mesh with and drivethe engine gear, a parallel shaft, gearing for connecting said first andlast mentioned shafts in driving relation, an inertia wheel coaxial withsaid parallel shaft, manually operable means for storing energy in saidinertia wheel including reduction gearing, elements of which arearranged coaxially with said parallel shaft and operatively connected tosaid inertia wheel, said parallel shaft being driven through a portionof said gearing, and operator controllable means including a connectionbetween said first mentioned gearing and said first shaft automaticallyreleasable when the engine is started for eifecting engagement of saidgear member with said engine ring gear while said inertia member isrotating and thereafter connecting said gear member for drive by saidinertia wheel.

19. In an engine starting apparatus of the type in which a ring gear orthe like on the engine is engageable during the starting operation by aterminal gear of the starter and such engagement is thereafterinterrupted, a shaft parallel with the engine crankshaft, a gear membersplined to said first shaft and adapted to mesh with and drive theengine gear, a parallel shaft, gearing with and rotatable relative tosaid first shaft, a

' clutch for connecting said last named gear to said first shaft, aninertia wheel coaxial with said parallel shaft, manually operable meansfor rotating said inertia wheel including a hand crank and planetarygearing connecting said crank with said inertia wheel, said parallelshaft being driven through a. portion of said planetary gearing, andmeans for manually shifting said gear member into meshing engagementwith said engine ring gear while said inertia wheel and parallel shaftare rotating, said gear being connected to said first shaft by saidclutch only after said gear member is in meshing engagement with saidengine ring gear.

20. In an engine starting apparatus of the type in which a ring gear orthe like on the engine is engageable during the starting operation by aterminal gear of the starter and such engagement is thereafterinterrupted, a shaft parallel with the engine crank shaft, a gear membersplined to said first shaft and adapted to mesh with and drive theengine gear, a parallel shaft, gearing for connecting said first andlast mentioned shafts in driving relation including a gear coaxial withand rotatable relative to said first shaft, a clutch for connecting saidlast named gear to said first shaft, an inertia wheel coaxial with saidparallel shaft, manually operable means for rotating said inertia wheelincluding a hand crank and planetary gearing connecting said crank withsaid inertia wheel, said parallel shaft being driven through a portionof said planetary gearing and means for manually shifting said gearmember into meshing engagement with said engine ring gear while saidinertia wheel and parallel shaft are rotating, said gear being connectedto said first shaft by said clutch only after said gear member is inmeshing engagement with said engine ring gear, said clutch forconnecting said gear to said first mentioned shaft being automaticallyreleasable to disconnect said gear from said first mentioned shaft whenthe engine is started.

21. In an engine starting apparatus, the combination of a terminalstarting element, a shaft parallel with a line parallel with the shaftof the engine to be started and supporting said terminal startingelement, said starting element being reciprocable along its saidsupporting shaft between positions in engagement with and disengagementfrom the engine, manually operable inertia means for storing up energy,and means operable at will and including a clutch coaxial with saidterminal starting element supporting shaft for connecting said inertiameans in drivin relation with said terminal starting element supportingshaft.

22. In an engine starting apparatus, the combination of a terminalstarting element, a shaft parallel with a line parallel with the shaftof the engine to be started and supporting said terminal startingelement, said starting element being reciprocable along said terminalstarting element supporting shaft between positions of engagement withand disengagement from the engine, inertia means for storing up energyincluding a driving shaft parallel with said first shaft, gearing forconnecting said first shaft to said parallel shaft in driving relationwhereby the latter may drive the former, and means operable at will andincluding a clutch coaxial with said first mentioned parallel shaft forconnecting said inertia means through said gearing in driving relationwith said first mentioned parallel shaft.

23. In an engine starter, the combination of an inertia mechanism, adriving shaft, a gear driven by said inertia mechanism, a gear supportedon said driving shaft and engaged by said last mentioned gear, an enginestarting element slidably mounted on said driving shaft, sliding clutchmeans between said first mentioned gear on said shaft and said shaft,and means for sliding said starting element into driving position onsaid shaft and thereafter connecting said clutch means.

CARL O. NYGREN.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION.

Patent No. 2,041,723. May 26, 1936.

CARL O. NYGREN.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specificationof the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 6,first column, line 55, claim 20, after the word "gearing" insert acomma; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with thiscorrection therein that the same may conform to the record of the casein the Patent Office),

Signed and sealed this 8th day of September, A. D. 1936.

Leslie Frazer Acting Commissioner of Patents.

(Seal)

